Widespread production started with the Nazi rise to power in 1933, and the Flak 18 was available in small numbers when Germany intervened in the Spanish Civil War. [28] The war in Spain, with its wildly fluctuating front lines and the presence of Russian tanks, forced the Germans to employ the Flak 18 guns in a direct fire mode against ground targets. [12], A prototype was ready in early 1941[12] leading to the designation 8.8 cm Flak 41. [citation needed] High explosive ammunition was used against aircraft and personnel, and The 8.8 cm Flak performed well in its original role of an anti-aircraft gun and it proved to be a superb anti-tank gun as well. Flak 37 gun at the Deutsches Panzermuseum, Munster, Germany, Flak 37 gun at the Anti-aircraft Museum in Hyrylä, Finland, Flak 36 gun in position at Bir Hakeim, North Africa, June 1942, Flak 36 battery in firing position, Germany, 1943, FuMG 39 “Würzburg” radar at an anti-aircraft position on the Atlantic Wall, France, 1942, 8.8 cm Flak 36 with Flak Rohr 18 barrel at the, Comparison with similar anti-aircraft guns, Weapons of comparable role, performance and era, In German, the comma is used as the decimal separator, hence official punctuation was actually "8,8 cm" and not "8.8 cm". It ran from the west on the River Rhenus (Rhine) to … GERMANIA zeichnet ein aktuelles Portrait von Deutschland und fragt: Was ist deutsche Identität? "[9] It featured a lower silhouette on its turntable mounting than did the 8.8-cm Flak 18/36/37 on its pedestal mounting. The name applies to a series of related guns, the first one officially called the 8.8 cm Flak 18, the improved 8.8 cm Flak 36, and later the 8.8 cm Flak 37. "German 88: The Most Famous Gun of the Second World War" Pen and Sword Books Ltd, This page was last edited on 7 January 2021, at 23:05. Some of the items provided for acquisition are from turbulent times in world history. It was widely used by Germany throughout World War II and is one of the most recognized German weapons of that conflict. The versatile carriage allowed the 8.8 cm FlaK to be fired in a limited anti-tank mode when still on its wheels;[4] it could be completely emplaced in only two and a half minutes. D 2030 – 8,8 cm Panzerjägerkanone 43/2 (L/71), Beschreibung, 28 January 1944. Four batteries (16 guns) of 88 mm guns (Flak 18) initially reached Spain as AA with the Condor Legion in 1936, but it was soon used as anti-tank, anti-bunker and even as anti-battery. Germania este membru al Organizației Națiunilor Unite, NATO, G8, G20, și OCDE. In addition to the towed version, there were also self-propelled versions of the PaK 43 gun, including the lightly armored Nashorn, and the strongly armored, fully casemate-enclosed Elefant and Jagdpanther tank destroyers. Development of the original model led to a wide variety of guns. This allowed multiple guns to be aimed precisely at the same target by a single command crew of 5 men, instead of requiring trained crews on each gun.[17]. Krupp responded with another prototype of the long-barreled 8.8 cm gun, which was further developed into the anti-tank and tank destroyer 8.8 cm PaK 43 gun used for the Elefant and Jagdpanther, and turret-mounted 8.8 cm KwK 43 heavy tank gun of the Tiger II. It had twisted the machine-gun out of its mounting. The Allies had nothing as good, despite one of them designating itself the world's greatest industrial power. Germane definition is - being at once relevant and appropriate : fitting. Initially, anti-aircraft artillery guns of World War I were adaptations of existing medium-caliber weapons, mounted to allow fire at higher angles. [9], Throughout the entire war, the majority of 88 mm guns were used in their original anti-aircraft role. [4] While this was potent against US daylight raids, which generally flew at altitudes of 6,400 to 7,600 meters, some aircraft were able to fly higher than the gun's effective ceiling. Similarly, the 244th Field Artillery Battalion was temporarily equipped with a miscellany of captured German 88 mm guns and 105 mm and 150 mm howitzers. JanPictures. France. Development of the original model led to a wide variety of guns. The 8.8 cm Flak 18/36/37/41 is a German 88 mm anti-aircraft and anti-tank artillery gun, developed in the 1930s. The scarcity of artillery among the Nationalist forces and the general low proficiency of the Spanish gun crews forced the usage of the Flak 18 gun in a variety of roles, including as an artillery piece and as an anti-tank gun. Chow, Roy "Mistakes and Myths in German 8.8cm Flak Identification", German Flak Defences vs Allied Heavy Bombers: 1942–45 Zero – How America’s Grumman F4F Outfought the 'Superior' Mitsubishi A6M. See more. On 14 September 1942, Flak-Abt. The weight of the gun meant that only large vehicles could move it, the Sd.Kfz. The Germanic peoples are those who spoke one of the Germanic languages, and they thus originated as a group with the so-called first sound shift (Grimm’s law), which turned a Proto-Indo-European dialect into a new Proto-Germanic language within the … D97/1+ Geräteliste, Oberkommando des Heeres, Heereswaffenamt, s.45, Berlin 1.7.43, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Royal Australian Armoured Corps Memorial and Army Tank Museum, Royal Museum of the Armed Forces and Military History, Historical Military Museum of Cartagena (Spain), United States Army Air Defense Artillery Museum, National Museum of the United States Air Force, signalers' phonetic spelling of letters "AA", "The Rise of North Vietnam's Air Defenses", "Lexikon der Wehrmacht - Fugabwehrwaffen (Flak)", "TM E9-369A: German 88-mm Antiaircraft Gun Materiel – Technical Manual, U.S. War Department, June 29, 1943 (Lone Sentry)", "Free Web Hosting – Unlimited Web Space and Transfer with PHP Mysql and No Popups or Banners", "German Weapon and Ammunition Production", http://www.panzerworld.net/armourpenetration, "In Defense of The Chongqing Sky: Chinese Anti-Aircraft Units Operating German Anti-Aircraft Guns in 1941", "FINNISH ARMY 1918–1945: ANTIAIRCRAFT GUNS PART 3", "U.S. Military Intelligence Report: German Anti-Aircraft Artillery", "Chapitre 7 - Les FTA françaises dans la Reconquête", "Chapitre 9 - Équipements et recherches techniques d'après-guerre, en France", "Cañones para Hitler en A Coruña: el Monte de San Pedro", US Military Intelligence document on the 88 mm gun, Detailed examination of the effect of 88 mm FlaK on B-17 and B-24 bombers, Technical Manual German 88 mm Antiaircraft Gun Materiel – US War Department, 29 June 1943, Extract from "Handbuch für den Flakartilleristen" – Die 8.8 cm – Flak 1939, Lance-grenade individuel Mle F1 (LGI Mle F1), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=8.8_cm_Flak_18/36/37/41&oldid=998980865, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from April 2014, All articles needing additional references, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2008, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2009, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, One, 32 grooves with right-hand increasing twist from 1/45 to 1/30. These cannons were used against US fighter jets in the early 60s. The Flak 18 was mounted on a cruciform gun carriage. [9] For example, in January 1943 – at a time when Germany was desperately fighting to regain the strategic initiative in the East and was also facing a heavy bombing campaign in the West – expenditures on anti-aircraft defenses were 39 million reichsmarks, whereas all the remaining weapons and munitions production amounted to 93 million (including 20 million of the navy budget and only nine million of the aircraft-related budget). Adolf Hitler's Revolver. In German, the endings on the adjectives and articles that accompany the noun, which are based on case, tell you the noun’s function in the sentence. Lulu Publishing. This was a vast forested wilderness to the north that Rome knew very little about. On April 1, we told you about some of the most famous wartime deceptions in history from the legendary Trojan horse to dummy cannons called Quaker guns. I looked down into the turret. The Magazine Basic Theme by bavotasan.com. Ab Alpium radicibus septentrionalibus planities usque ad Danubium fluvium se extendit. Certainly, the Nazis themselves would later develop an even more effective anti-tank weapon, the PAK 43. Inexperienced U.S. tankers and commanders rushed into a valley at Faid only to be obliterated. Kater, M. 1974. The shot had penetrated the front just in front of King, the loader. The resulting piece was 74 calibers long (78 with the muzzle brake). He spoke softly and often encouraged his men with biblical passages. Of the latter, a small number were 10.5 cm Flak 38s or 39s, the majority were 8.8 cm Flak 18s, 36s or 37s. Many of these improvements were incorporated into the Flak 36, which had a two-piece barrel for easier replacement of worn liners. Third Reich. It was this muzzle velocity, combined with a projectile of high weight, that made the 8.8 cm Flak one of the great World War II anti-tank guns. … During 1942 tests were made using the Flak 41 barrel and Flak 37 chassis but these identified that the chassis could not take the strain even when strengthened. As early as 1939 the Luftwaffe asked for newer weapons with an even better performance, to address the problems of defending against attack by high-flying aircraft. : Männer und Motoren in Österreich im 19. However it was immediately evident that the Regio Esercito (Italian Royal Army) did not have at its disposal a tractor with characteristics suitable for towing this piece, given that the task was entrusted to Lancia 3Ro, without all-wheel drive. Between them and Italian 155 mm (6-inch) shore batteries the destroyer HMS Sikh was so severely damaged that she sank while being towed by HMS Zulu. The 8.8 cm Flak in the anti-tank role was arguably most effective in the flat and open terrain of Libya, Egypt and the eastern front. Background With the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 ongoing in Europe in July of 2020, day care centres were reopened in the state of Hesse, Germany, after the lockdown. The loaders would keep the weapon fed with live ammunition which would fire immediately upon insertion—all while the gun layer aimed the weapon according to the data. Republica Federale di Germania Bundesrepublik Deutschland; Mottu: Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit (Unità è ghjustizia è libertà) Lingue ufficiali tedescu: Capitale Berlinu (3.431.700 ab. In fact, he’d worked as a Lutheran pastor between the wars. One 76 mm hole in outrigger. This early model, the Flak 18, used a single-piece barrel with a length of 56 calibers, leading to the commonly seen designation L/56. 8 heavy tractor. All versions were able to penetrate about 200 mm (7.9 inches) of armour at 1,000 m (3280 feet), allowing it to defeat the armor of any contemporary tank. [9] The Battle of France also saw the introduction of vehicle-mounted 8.8 cm Flak 18s, the so-called "Bunkerknacker" on the Sd.Kfz. Rome's first major contact with Germanic people came in the late 2nd Century BC when members of the Cimbri and Teutoni tribes wandered en masse into Southern Europe and Gallia. Die SS-Grabung von Haithabu 1939, Nachrichtenblatt für Deutsche Vorzeit 16 (4 & 5): 103 – 4. When communicating in German, it is sometimes useful to spell out the number 86 with words instead of simply writing 86. Twenty tanks were destroyed by these guns within the first few seconds and at least 40 tanks were knocked out by 8.8 cm Flaks during the engagement. These cannons played an important role against Soviet air raids in Helsinki in February 1944. It allowed extremely precise fire, and would even take into account how far away the guns were from one another and the aiming crew, cancelling out the offset and aiming all weapons at the same point. The German listening posts instantly cracked the codes. Flak German Anti Aircraft Defenses 1914–45. The batteries began arriving in Italy a few days after Italy entered the war, and were initially assigned in part to the Milizia Volontaria per la Sicurezza Nazionale (Voluntary Militia for National Security, MACA), for the protection of the Italian main cities and partly sent in Libya, for the protection of ports. The latest news, info and stats for clubs in 2020-2021 can be found here [21] The weapon saw continuous use on the eastern front. 36 and related auxiliary equipment. [American troops] knew that the greatest single weapon of the war, the atomic bomb excepted, was the German 88 mm flat-trajectory gun, which brought down thousands of bombers and tens of thousands of soldiers. 1. germane - relevant and appropriate; "he asks questions that are germane and central to the issue" The Deadly 88 — Was Germany’s Flak 18/37 the best gun of World War Two? The 88/55 in the Regio Esercito was used in its natural role, that is, as an anti-aircraft weapon, its use as an anti-tank cannon was limited to the theaters of Northern Africa (Libya and Tunisia) and only for a few gruppi autocampali (self-transported field artillery groups). The barrel was at first a three-section one with a length of 74 calibers, and then redesigned to dual-section with a length of 72 calibers. [9] By the beginning of World War II the Luftwaffe's anti-aircraft artillery employed 6,700 light (2 cm and 3.7 cm) and 2,628 heavy flak guns. [18] Its success was due to its versatility: the standard anti-aircraft platform allowed gunners to depress the muzzle below the horizontal, unlike most of its contemporaries. Tractus Cacumen (vulgo Zugspitze, 2962 m), qui in limite Germaniae cum Austria assurgit, summus Germaniae mons est. Fußball TSG Hoffenheim - SC Paderborn 01.11.2019. Later in that theater, in the Battle of Faid in Tunisia, Rommel camouflaged many 8.8 cm Flaks (with additional 7.5 cm Pak 40s and 5 cm Pak 38s) in cactus-filled areas. 88 mm anti tank gun Flak 18 Military History military history now. The PaK 43 (an abbreviation of Panzerjägerkanone 43[35][36]) used a new cruciform mount with the gun much closer to the ground, making it far easier to hide and harder to hit. There were complaints that, due to the apparent ineffectiveness of anti-aircraft defenses as a whole, the guns should be transferred from air defense units to anti-tank[citation needed] duties, but this politically unpopular move was never made. The Allies' and Italian weapons were heavier and less mobile, with the Allied weapons being almost useless for ground fire until numerous modifications were carried out. During the war German 88 mm guns were involved in 377 combat engagements, only 31 were against enemy aircraft. At the end of 1940, 44 pieces and relative firing stations were available. Bad weather grounded the main bomber force, but the assault succeeded, mainly because of the concentrated and accurate fire of the supporting 88 mm guns. This is priced higher than average for wines from Dernau. The 79th Field Artillery Battalion (Provisional) was formed from personnel of the 79th and 179th Field Artillery Groups to fire captured German artillery pieces at the height of an ammunition shortage. Did You Know? They were a Teutonic people, who were first mentioned in the 4th century BC. The financial costs associated with anti-aircraft cannon were substantial, especially when compared with fighter aircraft. This experience also demonstrated a number of minor problems and potential improvement opportunities. We are not interested in dealing with persons or organizations with radical agendas (skinheads, leftists, neo-Nazis, etc.). It might seem a little intimidating to speak German, especially if you're new to the language. Free shipping on many items | Browse your favorite brands | affordable prices. The spoken version was. Originally designed as an anti-aircraft cannon, the 88 excelled at holing Allied tanks. In 1937, the Chinese Nationalist Government imported 20 Flak 18 guns and used them to defend the fortifications along the Yangtze River. Napoleon on Waterloo – What Did Bonaparte Actually Say About His Most Famous Defeat? For Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, Germany deployed the 8.8 cm Flak in 51 mixed AA battalions. How to use germane in a sentence. They adored him and called him “Papa Willi”. The higher-level tactical unit was usually a mixed anti-aircraft battalion (gemischte Flak-Abteilung). Meine Mutter, meine Männer 09.01.2021 ∙ Filme im Ersten ∙ Das Erste Spielfilm Deutschland 2014 +++ Für Jenny läuft alles prima: Ihre Karriere am Münchner Opernhaus geht steil bergauf und in ihrem Freund Tobias hat sie scheinbar den idealen Mann gefunden. Similarly to the anti-aircraft role, as an anti-tank weapon the 8.8 cm Flak was tactically arranged into batteries, usually four guns to each. In 1943–1944 Finland bought 90 8.8 cm FlaK 37 cannons from Germany and they were used for air defence of largest cities in Finland. The Würzburg radar series of radars was produced in the thousands and used widely. Operation Battleaxe relied on Matildas advancing west through the Halfaya Pass as supporting armoured units moved along the coast. Le Grand Bunker "Musée du Mur de l´Atlantique", Musée du Débarquement, Arromanches-les-Bains, Luftwaffenmuseum der Bundeswehr, Berlin-Gatow, Muzeum Śląskie (Silesian Museum), Katowice, Poland. [4] Its successful use as an improvised anti-tank gun led to the development of a tank gun based upon it: the 8.8 cm KwK 36, with the "KwK" abbreviation standing for Kampfwagen-Kanone (literally "battle vehicle cannon", or "fighting vehicle cannon"), meant to be placed in a gun turret as the tank's primary armament. Enter Germania International, LLC Enter Germania International, LLC. Some flak batteries used guns worn out from firing beyond their operational lives, which typically limited their effective ceiling to 7,470 meters.[34]. It quickly proved to be the best anti-aircraft weapon then available. By Donald Nijboer. As Operation Battleaxe kicked off on June 15, 1941, Matildas advancing towards the Halfaya Pass were cut … Germania was a Roman name originally given to tribe of people who lived along the Rhine River. The explosion had wrecked the wireless, tore King’s head and shoulders from the rest of his body and started a fire among the machine-gun boxes stowed on the floor.”. In some sources it is mistakenly stated that the Flak 37 was not equipped for anti-armor operation. The famous flak gun became one of the most feared anti-tank weapons of the Second World War, serving everywhere from the sands of North Africa to the snowy wastelands of the Russian front. It allowed general area fire without line of sight, but had poor accuracy compared to the visual systems. The Flying Heritage Collection, Everett, Washington, Palm Springs Air Museum, Palm Springs, California, National WWII Museum, New Orleans, Louisiana, 2-FlaK 37, Private collection, J Bostek, Michigan www.709th.org. It was a shambles. Thousands of 88 mm guns were produced throughout the war in various models and mounts. That famous battle opened just days after the 88s had crucified the British Matildas during Operation Battleaxe. In the entire Battle of France, the weapon destroyed 152 tanks and 151 bunkers. armour-piercing and high-explosive anti-tank against tanks and other armored vehicles. Kauppi forest, on top of Tuomikallio as a memorial, Tampere. Nevertheless, the Krupp company started the development of a new gun together with Bofors of Sweden. Synonym Discussion of germane. [12] Improvements in reloading raised the firing rate, with 20 to 25 rounds a minute being quoted. German 88, versatile 88-millimetre (3.46-inch) multirole artillery piece, developed from 1917 by Germany. Jankuhn, H. 1938 Haithabu, der erste Ostseehafen des Deutschen Reiches, Germanien: 309 – 19. Of the 18 Allied tanks put out of action on the first day of the offensive, 15 fell victim to Flak 18s. The 8.8 cm Flak was powerful enough to penetrate over 84 mm of armor at a range of 2 km, making it an unparalleled anti-tank weapon during the early days of the war and still formidable against all but the heaviest tanks at the end. Only a few were built in mid-1993, the entire project was generally regarded as unsuccessful.[32]. In informal use, the guns were universally known as the Acht-acht ("eight-eight") by Germans and the "eighty-eight" by the Allies. [citation needed]. Germania meridiana Alpium particeps est. [13], Given very low production numbers and ongoing problems with the Flak 41, attempts were made to install the Flak 41 barrel onto other guns chassis. [citation needed], Initially, the Flak 18 batteries were deployed to protect the airfields and logistics bases of the German Condor legion. Kein Geburtstag ist komplett, bevor sie nicht dem Geburtstagskind ihre glckwnsche geschickt haben! Casualties among the legion's 88 mm gun batteries in the Spanish Civil War were second only to those among the bomber pilots. British troops transmitted over open radios using what they thought were cunning circumlocutions. Following the Spanish Civil War, more Flak 36 models arrived in 1943 (88 guns 88/56 mm Flak-36) and since 1943 they were manufactured under license in Trubia under the denomination FT 44 (about 200 guns). The 8.8 cm Flak 18/36/37/41 is a German 88 mm anti-aircraft and anti-tank artillery gun, developed in the 1930s. 7 half-track becoming a common prime mover. It was the main armament of the Tiger I heavy tank. By the end of the war the 88 mm guns had performed far more missions as an anti-tank and direct-fire Field Artillery gun than as an anti-aircraft gun. There was a clang of steel on the turret front and a blast of flame and smoke from the same place, which seemed to spread into the turret, where it was followed by another dull explosion. The later model was the Flak 37, which included updated instrumentation to allow the gun layers to follow directions from the single director more easily. The Flak 18's carriage allowed it to fire in an emergency when still on its wheels and without its outriggers, but with a very limited traverse and elevation. The original design was a 75 mm model. This resulted in the Giant Würzburg, which had sufficient accuracy to precisely control guns without direct visual contact. What we didn’t tell you about was the U.S. Army’s 23rd Special Headquarters…Read …. Germane definition, closely or significantly related; relevant; pertinent: Please keep your statements germane to the issue. Acesta face parte din Spațiul Schengen, și a devenit un co-fondator al zonei euro în 1999. The price has been stable over the past year.This is the third most popular wine from Ahr. The Allied weapons' capabilities were augmented by the introduction of proximity fuzes. Beginning in 1954 the Democratic Republic of Vietnam received a number of Flak 88s from the Soviet Union. Adj. The success of the German anti-tank weapons caused the Allies to take steps to defend against it in new tank designs. Not surprisingly, Bach’s men at Halfaya had a pretty good idea not only that they were to be attacked, but from what direction. As Operation Battleaxe kicked off on June 15, 1941, Matildas advancing towards the Halfaya Pass were cut down with surgical precision by just five German 88s. I./43 (Major Wegener) employed these guns against a commando landing raid called Operation Agreement by the British Royal Navy near Tobruk. Fascist Italy. The less open terrain in Italy and Northern France was less suitable for long-range AT guns. Flak 36s were often fitted with an armoured shield that provided limited protection for the gunners. Although not a particularly fast machine (its top speed was under 10 km/h), the Matilda’s 78 mm (3.1 inch) frontal armour was impervious to Italian anti-tank guns. Germania [Beethoven] Germania is a patriotic song by Ludwig van Beethoven written in order to celebrate the victory against Napoleon. More guns were sent later, and some 88 mm guns were also supplied to Spanish army units. pp 293. [9], By August 1944, there were 10,704 Flak 18, 36 and 37 guns in service, now complemented also by the 10.5 cm Flak 38 and 39, and the formidable 12.8 cm Flak 40, owing to the increase in US and British bombing raids during 1943 and 1944. It was tested in the Spanish Civil War and was used extensively by the Germans in World War II as a field-artillery piece and as an antiaircraft and antitank gun. III radars. Copyright © 2021 MilitaryHistoryNow.com. Get the best deals on German 88 In other German Ww Ii Collectibles when you shop the largest online selection at eBay.com. In the next instant, all was chaos. Image courtesy the German Federal Archive. [citation needed] While the US and Italian 90 mm were also used as anti-tank guns—the American gun being in use on their M36 tank destroyer and M26 Pershing heavy tank—their use was considerably more limited than the German 88 due to German tanks being primarily used defensively by 1944 and allied tanks being used en masse for the attack. Operation Barbarossa: the Complete Organisational and Statistical Analysis, and Military Simulation Volume IIB. [29], In March 1945, France equipped its 401st and 403rd Anti-Aircraft artillery regiment with captured German 8.8 guns, associated with British GL Mk. [citation needed], The Flak 36 guns were briefly issued in late 1944 to the American Seventh Army as captured weapons. Even Germany’s 37 mm and 50 mm anti-tank weapons couldn’t penetrate the exterior of the new 25-ton British fighting vehicle. Image courtesy WikiMedia Commons. The Gauls changed it from a name for a people to the name for the territory. Several of the Finnish guns survive in museums and as memorials. However, production did not take place as no Flak 41 barrels were available.[13]. Other uses included firing in support of the troops at the front and as a more static anti-aircraft gun for home defence. Kladionica, online casino, rezultati uživo, statistika, virtualne igre, loto klađenje sve na jednom mjestu! The designers started again, using 88 mm caliber. Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window). Jahrhundert (German Edition) (German) Paperback – January 1, 1998 by Ursula Bürbaumer (Author) See all formats and editions Hide other formats and editions. [citation needed] Flak 18 batteries were used by the nationalist army at the Battle of Ebro, both for direct fire against pillboxes and also for indirect fire in the advance towards Barcelona. German Translation of “eight” | The official Collins English-German Dictionary online. Japan. By February 1945, there were 327 heavy anti-aircraft batteries facing the Red Army, which was 21 percent of those used for anti-aircraft defense.[9]. Gander, Terry. [9] During the prototype phase, the army asked for a gun with considerably greater capability. Despite this, the key to Bach’s success was technological. It is common for a person who is joining a group to … While the proposal was accepted in principle, the German authorities stated that they did not have that quantity of pieces available, so they paid off the debt in part with 8.8 cm Flak and partly with the 7.5 cm kanon (75/50 in the Italian name). After losing the war, Germany had been forbidden under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles from procuring new weapons of most types. It’s possible to argue that later anti-tank guns, like the Sherman Firefly’s 17-pounder or the Soviet 100 mm Model 1944, were technically as good or even better than the German 88. The resulting unit outperformed the 105 mm original and was called the 8.8 cm Flak 39/41. German Translation of “manner” | The official Collins English-German Dictionary online. The shockwave, which followed, swept past me, singed my hands and face and left me breathless and dazed. In addition to these Krupp designs, Rheinmetall later created a more powerful anti-aircraft gun, the 8.8 cm Flak 41,[N 1] which was produced in relatively small numbers.

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