One 250-kilogram (550lb) bomb struck 'Y' turret and started a fire inside the turret that took 20 minutes to quench. While sailing eastwards, the aircraft carrier Illustrious was detached from the main body to attack Taranto on the night of 11/12 November, damaging three Italian battleships. [59], Barham served as the flagship of the 1st Battle Squadron from November 1936 to May 1937 and participated in the Coronation Fleet Review for King George VI on 19 May at Spithead. ! Poem by Rudyard Kipling. He replied, 'it's gone'.". The loss of the crew was sensational news in the mid-19th . Jan Lettens 02/08/2012. P.W and staff moved to MALAYA and QUEEN ELIZABETH, and Rear Admiral B.S. last updated: andrew gillespie HMAS Sydney II and the HSK Kormoran Shipwreck Sites, Admiralty House, Garden and Fortifications, Royal Australian Naval Transmitting Station ACT, 81st. Richard worked as a shop floor foreman at Ratby Engineering, in Leicester, until 1982. During a port visit to Corfu in July, the ship was visited by King George II of Greece. She started off World War II by being torpedoed off Liverpool, and after being patched up was in trouble again during a bombardment of Oran, when she was hit by Free French shore batteries. Barham quickly capsized to port and was lying on her side when a massive magazine explosion occurred about four minutes after she was torpedoed and sank her. During this refit, the aft superstructure was rebuilt and the torpedo-control tower and its rangefinder were removed, together with the aft set of torpedo tubes. Copyright 2023. [54] Dalglish was relieved in his turn by Captain Percy Noble on 18 October 1922. This sent splinters in every direction and started a small fire, but otherwise did no significant damage. It proved to be worse than expected and Barham had to be repaired at Durban, South Africa, as she was unfit to make the trans-Atlantic crossing for repair in the United States. Beatty continued south for another two minutes to confirm the sighting before ordering his force to turn north, towards the Grand Fleet in what came to be known as the "Run to the North". HMS Barham was one of five Queen Elizabeth -class battleships built for the Royal Navy during the early 1910s. "It would be at such resolution that anyone could look for shipwrecks like the Athenia from their desk. The loss of HMS Barham contributed to the very high number of losses at sea suffered by the Royal Navy in the period of Operation CRUSADER, about which I have written at this link. Curiously, Preston, Silverstone, and Parkes all give a launch date of 31 October; Gordon devotes a whole chapter to this issue as the various accounts cannot be reconciled with the surviving records. Barham was sunk off the Egyptian coast the following November by the German submarineU-331 with the loss of 862 crewmen, approximately two thirds of her crew. VideoAt the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece, China and Belarus call for peace in Ukraine, Sake brewers toast big rise in global sales, The Indian-American CEO who wants to be US president, How 10% of Nigerian registered voters delivered victory, Blackpink lead top stars back on the road in Asia, Exploring the rigging claims in Nigeria's elections, 'Wales is in England' gaffe sparks TikToker's trip. Read more No hits were observed and the ships stopped firing after making their turn north, but Barham opened fire for a short time when they fell in line with the Grand Fleet a few minutes later, probably without making any hits. More Disasters Caught on Camera: https://goo.gl/hYJzzNBRITISH PATH'S STORY Before television, people came to movie theatres to watch the news. BARHAM was torpedoed by U.331 and lost off the Western Desert of Egypt - off Sollum and Sidi Barrani. Of the 1,184 officers and men on board, 841 were killed. The Donaldson Atlantic Line SS Athenia was built in Glasgow and the city's Riverside Museum of transport has an exhibition dedicated to the vessel and the stories surrounding its sinking. Clinging to a piece of wreckage, Richard was picked up by an Australian destroyer, along with other survivors. The relatively shallow water on Rockall Bank, an area of raised seabed a few hundred km from the Irish coastline, means it should be reasonably straightforward to send down a remotely operated vehicle to investigate the sonar contact. During the third week in November, 1941, there was evidence that two convoys were being despatched from Italy to Benghazi to reinforce the Africa Korps. The rescue effort by six other ships was nothing short of heroic, according to testimony. Over the course of a century, it documented everything from major armed conflicts and seismic political crises to the curious hobbies and eccentric lives of ordinary people. !, YOU ARE NOT FORGOTTEN, Casualties of MEN/HEROES-SERVING IN H.M.S. 2023 BBC. [73], After the expiration of an ultimatum to surrender the following morning, the battleships engaged the port's 24-centimetre (9.4in) coast-defence guns and Richelieu at 09:30. "I'm one of only two survivors from the ship left," he said. U-331 was not attacked by the escorting destroyers and reached port on 3 December. VALIANT and WARSPITE in background. And now within range of the battleships of the 3rd Squadron which opened fire on the 5th Battle Squadron as they made their turn. Three minutes later, she sighted the topmasts of Vice-Admiral Reinhard Scheer's battleships, but did not report this for another five minutes. Produced by the Naval Studies Group in conjunction with the Submarine Institute of Australia, the Australian Naval Institute, Naval Historical Society and the RAN Seapower Centre. [93][Note 6] Captain Geoffrey Cooke went down with his ship. "We climbed over the guard rail and started running down the side of the ship. The . Experience the HMS Barham explosion after being struck by torpedo in 4K resolution at 50 fps and in color! The resulting shockwave pushed the bulge inwards for a length of 7 feet (2.1m) and it started to slowly flood. She became a private ship on 1 December and departed Alexandria to join the Home Fleet that same day. 203, 205, Jellicoe, pp. . On her return I teamed up with P-W again when he shifted his flag back to the, Battleships. [84] Barham became the flagship of the 1st BS in December. Huge palls of smoke rising from the stricken ship. 340, 346, 349, 354355, 358, Jones, pp. This took some time and his ships had to slow down to 1218 knots (2233km/h; 1421mph) to avoid overrunning the 6th Division and blocking its fire. Barham was not hit during this time and she and Valiant, later joined by their sister Warspite, continued to fire at Hipper's 1st Scouting Group until 18:02 when Valiant lost sight of the Germans. Late in the afternoon of November 24, 1941 WARSPITE, (C. in C.), BARHAM and VALIANT and a screen of nine destroyers sailed from Alexandria to provide heavy gun cover for the Cruisers. The turbines were rated at 75,000 shaft horsepower (56,000kW) and intended to reach a maximum speed of 25 knots (46.3km/h; 28.8mph). [83] As part of Operation Collar in late November, Barham, Malaya and the carrier HMSEagle covered the forces rendezvousing with a convoy coming from Gibraltar. This increased her metacentric height to about 7 feet (2.1m) at deep load, despite the increase in her deep displacement to 35,970 long tons (36,550t). The battleships were providing distant cover to the light cruisers of Force B[1], engaged in searching for the German merchantsMaritzaandProcida (see also this link and this link). We've also got a detailed model of the Athenia. Multiple air strikes by Formidable's Fairey Swordfish torpedo bombers damaged the battleship Vittorio Veneto and crippled the heavy cruiser Pola later that evening. [33] About three minutes later, the ship opened fire on the battlecruiser SMSvon der Tann at a range of about 23,000 yards (21,000m). [54], Captain Geoffrey Cooke assumed command on 25 March[53] and the Navy took the opportunity to augment her light anti-aircraft armament and upgrade its directors. During the next eighteen months or so, the 1st B.S. Germany initially denied involvement fearing the US would join the war. The 5th Battle Squadron concentrated their fire on the German battleships after losing sight of the battlecruisers, with Barham opening fire at 18:14. "I remember so many faces of my friends and shipmates who weren't as fortunate as me.". [52] Captain Robin Dalglish relieved Horne on 1 October 1920. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Strange, if you think the ship was destroyed in 1941! Barham was able to dodge them, but Resolution was struck by one torpedo amidships that caused a heavy list, and she fell out of line. [53] Together with her sister Malaya, Barham was sent to Alexandria, Egypt, in May 1927 during a time of unrest. British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain declared war on 3 September, 1939. Ltzow was only slightly damaged by these hits, which essentially only knocked out the primary and back-up wireless rooms while the shells that hit Derfflinger hit the side of the ship's bow, knocking off several armour plates, while fragments opened holes that ultimately allowed roughly 2,000 tonnes (1,968 long tons) of water to enter the bow. While making the turn,[40] Barham was struck by two 30.5-centimetre shells beginning at 16:58, probably from the battlecruiser SMSDerfflinger. The torpedoes seemed to hit the ship amidships just abaft the funnel, judging by the waterspout in that general area, of which I had a ringside view from the Admirals Bridge. [53] Barham participated in the Fleet review on 26 July 1924 at Spithead. The fore funnel was trunked into the aft funnel to reduce smoke in the spotting top. A fortnight later, she was attacked by the U-30 which put her out of commission for six months with a single torpedo hit. U.331 was under the command of Freiherr Diedrich von Tiesenhausen who was a lieutenant of 26 years of age. A new beautiful success. [15], The Queen Elizabeth class was ordered as part of the 1912 Naval Programme and the contract for Barham was awarded to John Brown & Company. While under repair in December1939 March1940, a 20-barrel Unrotated projectile (UP) rocket launcher was installed on the roof of 'B' turret and her HACS Mk I directors were replaced with Mk III models. In addition, she was joined by the battleships HMS Queen . 219220; Raven & Roberts, p. 359; Shores, Cull & Malizia, pp. [48], She was refitted at Cromarty between February and March 1917[47] and King George V inspected the ship on 22 June at Invergordon. She was sunk during the Second World War on 25 November 1941 by the German submarine U-331 . They were designed to reduce the effect of torpedo detonations and improve stability[11] at the cost of widening the ship's beam by almost 14 feet (4.3m) to 104 feet (31.7m),[12] and reduced her draught to 32feet 6inches (9.9m). A salvo of torpedoes from a German submarine struck from close range on HMS Barham on November 25, 1941 in the Mediterranean. By the afternoon the submarine and the 1st Battle Squadron were on reciprocal courses and Tiesenhausen ordered his boat to battle stations around 16:00. They even attempted to blame the sinking on Winston Churchill, who on that very day - 3 September, 1939 - was appointed First Lord of the Admiralty. The battleship and the other ships of Force F were tasked to ferry troops to Malta, before continuing on to Alexandria. Two minutes later, Beatty ordered a course change to east-southeast, positioning the British ships to cut off the German's line of retreat, and signalled action stations. Towards the end of 1941, the Med Fleet was experiencing some ups and downs, as the Luftwaffe became increasingly active and aggressive during the advance of General Rommel (the Desert Fox) and his Afrika Korps across the Western Desert towards Alexandria. [88] Repairs were completed six weeks later on 30 July and the ship returned to Alexandria in August where she resumed her role as flagship of the 1st Battle Squadron. At 14:32, Beatty ordered a course change to south-southeast in response to the spot report. The boat dived out of control after she broached, reaching an indicated depth of 265 metres (869ft), well below her design depth rating of 150 metres (490ft), before she stabilised without any damage. She was the flagship of the 1st Battle Squadron and of the Second in Command of the Mediterranean Fleet, 1941. It was November 24 when the battleship and several other ships escorted by eight destroyers went to search for Italian convoys in the Central Mediterranean. [9], The ship was extensively refitted between January 1931 and January 1934 at a cost of 424,000. [25] On 21 May, the 5th Battle Squadron was attached to Beatty while his 3rd Battlecruiser Squadron was detached for gunnery training and arrived at Rosyth the following day. The sea, which had fortunately been smooth as BARHAM sank was, as far as I could see, a vast area of oil fuel and debris, with at that time no signs of life. This means that we may include adverts from us and third parties based on our knowledge of you. (Lt. Cdr. [28][Note 3], When dawn broke Beatty ordered his forces into cruising formation with the 5th Battle Squadron trailing his battle cruisers by five nautical miles (9.3km; 5.8mi). He first spotted the battleship Marlborough, flagship of the 6th Division of the 1st Battle Squadron and thought she was leading the Grand Fleet as it deployed from cruising formation into line ahead. "I was disorientated but reached out and felt the ship. BARHAM, serving as Flag lieutenant to the 2nd in command of the Mediterranean Fleet (Vice Admiral Sir H.D. "Can I go into a court of law and say, '100%, that's Athenia?' Each turret was also fitted with a 15-foot rangefinder. Lilly died in 2007, aged 86. The number of hits cannot be confirmed, but it is believed that she and Valiant made 23 or 24 hits between them, making them two of the most accurate warships in the British fleet. The ship was not hit, but was forced to return to port under the cover of a heavy smoke screen. Barham played a minor role in quelling the 1929 Palestine riots and the 19361939 Arab revolt in Palestine. This is my first written account of the fateful day, and of my recollections of some of the circumstances before and after the catastrophe since I prepared a Report on the sinking shortly after the event for the Royal Naval Authorities at Alexandria, Egypt. It was something Donaldson had made when the ship was built," she told BBC News. However, as the ship plunged to the sea floor, a surge of water pushed Richard upwards. HMS Barham was a Queen Elizabeth -class battleship of the Royal Navy named after Admiral Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, built at the John Brown shipyards in Clydebank, Scotland, and launched in 1914. [89] The following morning, the German submarineU-331, commanded by Oberleutnant zur See Hans-Diedrich von Tiesenhausen, detected the faint engine noises of the British ships and moved to intercept. HMS BARHAM - a British battleship sunk in November 1941 by a submarine in the Mediterranean SANTA ROSA - a Portuguese galleon loaded with seven chests of treasure, sunk in 1726 by an explosion. No. HMS Barham Explodes - Slow MotionOn the afternoon of 25 November 1941, the 1st Battle Squadron, Barham, Queen Elizabeth, and Valiant, with an escort of eight. flag changed on a number of occasions. One of these hits also started several major fires inside the hull. [80], Barham, two cruisers, and three destroyers also assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet were designated Force F as part of Operation Coat, one of a complex series of fleet movements in the Mediterranean. The enemy struck at 4.25pm as Richard was on a tea break and talking with a friend. In addition, the rear of the six-inch gun casemates was enclosed by a 1.5-inch (38mm) bulkhead. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); The aim of this blog is to accompany the preparation of a complete history incorporating the Axis and Commonwealth perspectives of the Winterschlacht (Winter Battle) in North Africa, November 1941 to February 1942. At 18:17 he realised that Marlborough was actually at the rear of the formation and he ordered a turn to the north to bring his squadron into line behind the Grand Fleet. "There was my friend Ted Clow, from Oadby, but he died last December, aged 93.". Naval Historical Review, Biographies and personal histories, WWII operations Ship sinking, Survivor, HMS Barham, Australian Naval History Podcasts [44], Hipper turned his ships southward around 18:05 to fall back upon Scheer's advancing battleships and then reversed course five minutes later. Sinking of Royal Navy Battleship HMS Barham.A legendary battleship with a history at Jutland, during World War 2 HMS Barham was stationed with the Royal Navy's Eastern Mediterranean fleet in Egypt.. On the afternoon of the 24th November of 1941, HMS Barham, sailed to provide cover for the 7th and 15th Royal Navy Cruiser Squadrons. This meant that they were some 4,000 yards (3,700m) closer to the rapidly advancing High Sea Fleet. For Archive Licensing Enquiries Visit: https://goo.gl/W4hZBv Explore Our Online Channel For FULL Documentaries, Fascinating Interviews \u0026 Classic Movies: https://goo.gl/7dVe8r #BritishPath #History #WWII #Navy #RoyalNavySubscribe to the British Path YT Channel: https://goo.gl/hV1nkf Dramatic Newsreel footage captured the sinking of the Queen Elizabeth Battleship. [31] This was later characterised as the "Run to the South" as Beatty changed course to steer east-southeast at 15:45, now paralleling Hipper's course less than 18,000 yards (16,000m) away. He eventually lost his life in a confrontation in 1941 when his U-110 boat was forced to the surface after being damaged by depth charges. The anti-torpedo bulge was essentially destroyed adjacent to the strike, with four men killed and two wounded. These new approaches would help achieve an international goal set last year to have 100% of the topography of the world's ocean bed mapped by 2030. https://www.britishpathe.com/ [54] Willis was relieved by Captain Thomas Walker on 31 January 1939. [5], The waterline belt of the Queen Elizabeth class consisted of Krupp cemented armour (KC) that was 13 inches (330mm) thick over the ships' vitals. Producers had wanted to stage a live, underwater broadcast from the sunken remains of a famous ship. We use your sign-up to provide content in the ways you've consented to and improve our understanding of you. [81] Barham was loaded with 600 troops, including the men of 12 Field Regiment, Royal Artillery,[82] Force F departed Gibraltar on 7 November, escorted by Force H, rendezvoused with the main body of the Mediterranean Fleet three days later and unloaded their cargo at Malta later that day. The reaction to the loss had echoes in the debates we have today about the reporting of news events, he told BBC News. British Path was at the forefront of cinematic journalism, blending information with entertainment to popular effect. The ship was in the Mediterranean when the Second World War began in September 1939, on her voyage home three months later, she accidentally collided with and sank one of her escorting destroyers, HMSDuchess. [7], Barham received a series of minor refits during the 1920s. The British battleships then switched targets to bombard the harbour and Richelieu. [45], Barham fired 337 fifteen-inch shells and 25 six-inch shells during the battle. A member of the Wigston branch of the Royal Naval Association, he is a member of the HMS Barham Association. Pictures - Barham HMS (04) [+1941] - WRECK WRAK EPAVE WRACK PECIO EN home; wrecks. The latter was succeeded by Captain Richard Horne on 1 October. [54] On 14 October 1925, Captain Francis Marten relieved Hill, but he retained command only until 9 March 1926 when Captain Joseph Henley assumed command. On the night of 25 March, Barham and the rest of the fleet sailed from Scapa Flow to support Beatty's battlecruisers and other light forces raiding the German Zeppelin base at Tondern. Rawlings took over temporarily from P-W who became Vice Admiral Light Forces. Before leaving the Bridge to make my attempt to escape, the conning tower of a submarine surfaced about one hundred and fifty yards from the port side, and remained exposed for perhaps half a minute before the U boat dived again. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. She later became the flagship of Force M's commander, Vice-Admiral John Cunningham. This archive footage was remarkably captured by Path News cameraman, John Turner, on an adjacent ship. Twelve of the fourteen BL 6-inch (152mm) Mk XII guns were mounted in casemates along the broadside of the vessel amidships; the remaining pair were mounted on the forecastle deck near the aft funnel and were protected by gun shields. [94], It was not until the Admiralty admitted that Barham had been sunk and described the circumstances that Tiesenhausen knew that he had sunk her. The ship had been hit amidships by torpedoes on the port side. It is the first wreck in his consultancy career "which I've identified from my armchair, so to speak". Chamberlain's famous "this country is at war with Germany" broadcast was delivered shortly after 11 in the morning. If it happened, British Path filmed it. [8] Two years later, her anti-aircraft defences were upgraded when the original three-inch AA guns were replaced with a pair of QF four-inch (102mm) Mk V AA guns between November 1924 and January 1925 and another pair of four-inch AA guns were added from October to November later that year. First published on Mon 12 Sep 2016 11.41 EDT. All footage can be viewed on the British Path website. Her crew numbered 1,016 officers and ratings in 1916. She became the flagship of the Mediterranean Fleet on 9 June until relieved by Warspite on 8 February 1938. BARHAM was torpedoed by U.331 and lost off the Western Desert of Egypt off Sollum and Sidi Barrani. Tiesenhausen ordered all four bow torpedo tubes fired at a range of 375 metres (410yd) at 16:25. Odyssey Marine Exploration, Inc. Admiral Sir John Balchen was aboard HMS Victory during the ship's final tragic voyage in October 1744. How surprising were the M3 Grant tanks to the Germans? Another sweep began on 6 March, but had to be abandoned the following day as the weather grew too severe for the escorting destroyers. 11/25/2022, @ 13:16-Still stands thine ancient sacrifice, a humble and a contrite heart; Lord God of Hosts be with us yet, LEST WE FORGET, LEST WE FORGET!! Kapitaenleutnant Freiherr von Tiesenhausen, who did a radio broadcast on this attack in December 1941. During the 1920s and 1930s, the ship was assigned to the Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Home Fleets. Richard Laland is one of only two survivors from the doomed battleship HMS Barham still alive today. She sailed south through the Suez Canal to Mombasa, Kenya, where her damage was inspected. The Grand Fleet sailed with 29 dreadnoughts and 6 battlecruisers while the Germans mustered 18 dreadnoughts and 2 battlecruisers. It is just over 49 years since H.M.S. In response the Admiralty ordered the Grand Fleet, totalling some 28 dreadnoughts and 9 battlecruisers, to sortie the night before to cut off and destroy the High Seas Fleet. Hamilton. She was slow to go down, disappearing beneath the waves, stern first, at 11 the next morning. 4.25Pm as Richard was picked up by an Australian destroyer, along with survivors! 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